Corona virus
Today's topic is all about to give you the knowledge about current Novel Corona virus or Covid19. As we already know that the world knew about this virus in December 2019. But China was known with this virus in November 2019. So that it is named covid19.
Do you know how corona virus kills a human body? After one year of our fight with this virus, most of us don't know how corona virus kills. Today I'm going to explain it deeply as well as I'll explain how a vaccine works on it.
So let this all start.
Coronavirus can wreak havoc on your lungs and we all know it very well now. The unforeseen challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have taken a significant toll on people all across the world. Researchers have stated that in patients who died of the infection, Covid-19 unleashed a detrimental trifecta of runaway inflammation, direct destruction and impaired regeneration of lung cells involved in gas exchange, and accelerated lung scarring. Risk factors of severe COVID-19 complication in people with diabetes identified, but metformin reduces risk
How corona virus kills human?
When a person coughs, 3000 saliva droplets comes out from his mouth which is unable to see by us. Whereas when a person sneezes, 40000 saliva droplets comes out from his mouth. And shocking is that a single saliva drop can contain 20 lakhs of corona virus. And these droplets can travel around 1 meter at the speed of 300 km/hr. That's why doctor suggests to maintain 1 meter of distance in between.
Can corona virus flow in air? No. But yes in a special condition. We may not see but we all are surrounded by dust particles all around. And when a infected person coughs or sneezes, corona droplets comes out from his body and sits on these tiny dust particle. Their lifetime is 2 to 3 hours on a dust particles. During this time period if a healthy person comes in contact with the virus, he will get infected. Corona virus can travel through both droplets and dust particles. The droplets which doesn't sits on a dust particle, sits on the material around (corona virus can live 96 hrs on glass, 72 hrs on plastic or steel etc). When a healthy person touches these materials and then his nose, eye or mouth, he gets infected. To understand the working of corona virus you need to know the working of lungs.
Working of lungs:-
Human has 2 lungs which starts from a windpipe. When the windpipe goes inner, it divides in 2 parts and that part is named as bronchi. Bronchi divides in some small parts known as bronchioles. In the end of bronchioles, there is a circle like structure named alveoli. Normal people have 60 crore alveoli and they are very flexible. Alveoli inflate when we inhale and deflate when we exhale. Alveoli in surrounded by capillary. Capillary and alveoli have a very thin boundary so that oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer directly. Oxygen goes from capillary to heart and enters the body. As we know human body is made up of 37.2 trillion cells. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, is covered in tiny spike proteins. These proteins bind with receptors on our cells, starting a process that allows the virus to release its genetic material into a healthy cell. Corona virus only attacks lungs's cells. The reason is:- spike protein of the virus enters the Ace2 receptor of lungs's surface. As only lungs's has Ace2 receptor so corona only attacks the lungs's cells.
Coronavirus enters your body through the mouth, eyes, nose, etc. After entering your body the virus reaches into your respiratory tract, which includes your lungs. Then the virus slowly travels down to your airways. During this process, the lining of your respiratory tract can become irritated and inflamed. In some of the rare cases, the virus infection can also affect your alveoli.
When virus enters the cell membrane, it hijacks the cell as we can say corona virus starts ordering the cells and Corona RNA starts cloning itself. And when the number of corona cells overloads inside a single cell, it breaks the cell. It may take 2 to 10 days. This period is known as incubation period. This is the reason why a person gets infection symptoms after many days.
We feel mild or high fever during corona virus because our immune system fights with virus to make us secure. During this fight our advanced immune system activates known as Adaptive immune system. It fastly releases antibodies which bonds with spike protein and surrounds the virus. Then corona unables to enter the next Ace2 receptor. Then our macrophage (WBC) activates and kills the virus.
Why we feel breathing problems after we get infected? As alveoli capillary connect is only way to supply oxygen in the body. And during the infection, our immune system fights with the virus so cough settles in the alveoli and oxygen unables to enter and in many cases human reaches to death.
Once coronavirus enters your body, the lungs can give you some of the early signs and symptoms that can help you fight the virus. Here are some of the warning signs you need to look out for:
Irritated Throat
Dry Cough
Sore Throat
Some people who are already suffering from pneumonia can also experience inflamed alveoli.
Sudden difficulty in breathing.
Acute pain in the lower portion of your lungs.
Pain in the chest is also another warning symptom that one should look out for.
Normal Lungs Vs Coronavirus Infected Lungs:-
Compared to normal lungs, lungs from the Covid patients were filled with immune cells called macrophages, the study found. Further, the SARS-CoV-2 virus not only does destroy alveolar epithelial cells important for gas exchange, the ensuing inflammation also impairs the ability of the remaining cells to regenerate the damaged lung.
The researchers also found a large number of specific fibroblast cells, called pathological fibroblasts, which create rapid scarring in Covid-19 lungs. When the fibroblast cells fill the lung with scar tissue, a process called fibrosis, the lung has less space for cells involved in gas exchange and is permanently damaged.
Who Are At Higher Risk?
Coronavirus can affect anyone — irrespective of your age, gender, or anything else. However, studies have shown that some older adults and people who have other health conditions like heart disease, cancer, and diabetes may have more serious symptoms as compared to others.
How Do Help Your Lungs Ward Off The Infection Signs?
Lungs are one of the most important organs of your body and taking care of them especially after you are infected with the novel coronavirus is of utmost importance. How to do it? The first thing to keep in mind is to exercise. Perform lung exercises to keep this organ safe from other long-term effects.
Breathing exercises in which you are expanding your lungs and contracting them can help your lungs get better fast.
Keep a close check on your oxygen saturation level - use an oximeter to read your oxygen level. Remember — it should always be between 94-100.
Also, keep a tab on your body's Haemoglobin and RBC level in the blood to ensure unrestricted flow to and from the lungs.
Indulge yourself in light running, brisk walking cycling, or swimming. These may help your lungs to function better.
Another important tip to help your lungs is to maintain a good diet. Include more bananas, apples, tomatoes, and grapes (fruits and foods which are rich in anti-oxidants) in your diet.
You can also try yoga postures to help you detoxify your lungs. Some of the yoga asanas are: Sukhasana (Cross-legged Sitting Pose), Bhujangasana (Cobra Pose), Matsya Asana (Fish Pose), Padma Sarvangasana (Lotus Shoulder Stand).
We can't cover the whole topic in just a single post so that I have to make a second part. The second part will be on working of vaccine. I will get you the second part soon. Keep waiting and stay connected for the second part.
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